Paper 1 – Crime & Punishment

Paper 1 – Crime and Punishment c1000-present & Whitechapel (Historic Environment)

Medieval: 1000-1500

Saxons (up to 1066)                                Normans (1066-c.1150)                         Later Middle Ages (c.1150-1500)

Key crimesPolicingTrialsPunishments
Petty theft
Violence
Murder
Treason
Forest Laws (Social crimes)
Hue and Cry
Tithings
Parish Constable
Royal Sheriff
Posse
Coroner
Local gaol (until trial only)
Trial by Jury
Manor Court
JPs
Trial by Ordeal
Trial by Combat
Church Courts
Benefit of the Clergy (Neck verse)
Royal Courts
Royal judges
Sanctuary 
Capital punishment
Corporal punishment (Stocks & pillories)
Wergild
Murdrum

Early Modern: 1500-1700

Key crimesPolicingTrialsPunishments
Vagabondage
Witchcraft
Heresy
Treason
Hue and Cry
Tithings
JPs
Parish Constable
Town Watchman
Sergeant
Citizens
Rewards
Manor Courts
Quarter Sessions
JPs
County Assizes
Royal judges
Habeus Corpus
Swim test
End of Benefit of the Clergy
Capital Punishment
Bloody Code
Corporal Punishment
Pillory
Whipping
Fines
Carting
Ducking school
Transportation (USA)
Houses of correction “Bridewells”
Key social changes
Population growth
Economic changes
Printing
Religious turmoil (Reformation)
Political Change (English Civil War)
Landowners’ attitudes

18th & 19th centuries: 1700-1900

Key crimesPolicingTrialsPunishments
Highway robbery
Poaching
Black Act
Smuggling
Tolpuddle Martyrs
Secret oaths (Naval law)
French Revolution
Bow Street Runners
Metropolitan Police
Robert Peel
The Old Bailey
Police courts
(minor = no jury)
End of Bloody Code
Transportation (Australia)
Old Prison System
John Howar
Elizabeth Fry
Gaol’s Act
Separate System
Silent System

20th century: 1900-present

Key crimesPolicingTrialsPunishments
Car crime
Murder
Hate crimes
Terrorism
Violent crime
Sexual offences
Computer crime
Theft, burglary & shoplifting
Smuggling
Drug offences
Human Trafficking
Crime prevention
Weapons
Basic training
Camera technology
Communications
Changing roles
Vehicles
Crime detection
Specialisation
Computer records Numbers
Youth courts
Magistrates court
County court
Crown court
Conscientious objectors (WW1 verses WW2)
Non-custodial alternatives:
Probation officer
Fines
Birching
Parole
Suspended sentences
Community Service
Tagging
Juvenile delinquents
Borstal
Fining parents
Young Offenders institute
Attendance Centres
Abolition of the death penalty:
Derek Bentley
Timothy Evans
Ruth Ellis

Whitechapel (Historic Environment): 1870-1900

Metropolitan policeLocal context of WhitechapelOrganisation of policing & difficulties
Police recruits
Beat constable
Development of the CID
Charles Vincent
Police Commissioners
Sir Edmund Henderson
Sir Charles Warren
Thomas Titley
Trial of the detectives
Trafalgar Square riot
Lodging ‘Doss’ Houses
Rookeries
Flower & Dean Street
Peabody Estate
Workhouse
Casual Ward
Linking environment to crime Alcoholism & prostitution
Ten Bells Pub
Lack of employment
H-Division
Leman Street Police Station
Thames Police
Court Alcoholism & prostitution
Gangs
Alley ways
Violent demonstrations
Attacks on Jews
Protection rackets
Vigilance Committee
Tensions in WhitechapelInvestigative policing in Whitechapel
Irish and Jewish immigrants (From Poland and Russia)
Temporary accommodation
Anarchism
Socialism
Immigration
Criminal underclass – residuum
Jack the Ripper case study
Careful observation
Photography and sketches
Autopsy
Interviews and following up clues
House to house
Leaflets
Newspaper appeals / letters
Bloodhounds
Criminal profiles
Rival police forces – City of London Police

Skills

Whitechapel:

Describe 2 key features of… (4)
  • Identify 2 separate features
    • Support each feature with an example or basic explanation

For example… / This was because…

How useful are sources A and B for learning about..? (8)

Identify why the source is useful  (in relation to the question) due to:

  • Source detail (SD)

Useful for…. as it says ”______” / implies…

  • Contextual Knowledge (CK)

This reflects the time when…

  • Type, Origin and/or Purpose (TOP)

It’s also useful/limited due to…

How would you follow up source A/B? (4)
  • The source detail (SD) I would follow up is…

“Quote”

  • The question I would ask is….

  • What other source could I use to answer this question

An alternative report / newspaper / census / court records / police records / Charles Booth’s survey of poverty

  • It would help answer the question because….

It would provide information on….

Crime & Punishment through time:

Explain one similarity/difference between… (4)
  • Identify a similarity/difference between time periods

  • Explain why this continuity or change has occurred
Explain why… (12)
  • Use the 2 bullet points provided and 1 example of your own to…
  • Write 3 x PEEL paragraphs (linking your CK with connectives)

(P) ________ happened for a number of reasons

(E) For example

(E) This led to… because…                     As a result (of this)….

(L) Therefore…. (Link back to the question)         

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